Journal: Frontiers in Endocrinology

Article Title: New Developments in Anterior Laryngeal Recording Technique During Neuromonitored Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery

doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.763170

Figure Lengend Snippet: Current published papers on AL EMG recording technique during neuromonitored thyroid and parathyroid surgery.

Article Snippet: Percutaneous , Experimental Clinical , Huang et al., 2020 ( ) , Two disposable paired subdermal needle electrodes (25 and 38-mm long, insulated to within 5 mm of tip) percutaneously inserted to TC , Porcine model. (4 pigs, 8 RLNs at risk), 1 case of Transoral robotic thyroidectomy , A proof of concept for percutaneous technique in remote endoscopic or robotic thyroidectomy without neck incision wound..

Techniques: Adhesive, Introduce

Journal: Frontiers in Endocrinology

Article Title: New Developments in Anterior Laryngeal Recording Technique During Neuromonitored Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery

doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.763170

Figure Lengend Snippet: Anatomic relationship between the thyroid cartilage (TC) - vocal folds and intraoperative neural monitoring (IONM) recording electrode placement in different electromyography (EMG) recording techniques used in thyroid and parathyroid surgery. The vocal fold (VF, vocalis and thyroarytenoid muscle) originates from the inner surface of the TC and inserts to the arytenoid cartilage (A). Conventional endotracheal tube (ET) surface electrodes are designed to be placed in contact with vocal folds during intubation for general anesthesia. However, potential displacement of the ET electrode during surgery may affect signal quality and stability. Recent studies have confirmed that anterior laryngeal (AL) transcartilage, percutaneous, and transcutaneous surface recording electrodes placed on the TC outer surface also enable access to the EMG response of the vocal folds and can circumvent factors that negatively affect ET electrode performance.

Article Snippet: Percutaneous , Experimental Clinical , Huang et al., 2020 ( ) , Two disposable paired subdermal needle electrodes (25 and 38-mm long, insulated to within 5 mm of tip) percutaneously inserted to TC , Porcine model. (4 pigs, 8 RLNs at risk), 1 case of Transoral robotic thyroidectomy , A proof of concept for percutaneous technique in remote endoscopic or robotic thyroidectomy without neck incision wound..

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Endocrinology

Article Title: New Developments in Anterior Laryngeal Recording Technique During Neuromonitored Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery

doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.763170

Figure Lengend Snippet: Anterior laryngeal (AL) recording electrode placement for intraoperative neural monitoring. (A) Transcartilage Anterior Laryngeal Recording: Skin flaps are elevated superiorly to expose the thyroid cartilage. Needle electrodes are placed onto the subperichondrium layer of thyroid lamina. Inserting the needle at the anterior margin of the thyrohyoid muscle with a 10- to 15-degree angle from the surface of lamina. (B) Percutaneous Anterior Laryngeal Recording: The needle electrodes are percutaneously inserted and fixed onto the perichondrium layer of thyroid cartilage. It may be applied in surgeries with lower/smaller incision wound or in remote surgery. However, excessive traction may cause percutaneous needle displacement during the surgery.

Article Snippet: Percutaneous , Experimental Clinical , Huang et al., 2020 ( ) , Two disposable paired subdermal needle electrodes (25 and 38-mm long, insulated to within 5 mm of tip) percutaneously inserted to TC , Porcine model. (4 pigs, 8 RLNs at risk), 1 case of Transoral robotic thyroidectomy , A proof of concept for percutaneous technique in remote endoscopic or robotic thyroidectomy without neck incision wound..

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Endocrinology

Article Title: New Developments in Anterior Laryngeal Recording Technique During Neuromonitored Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery

doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.763170

Figure Lengend Snippet: Transcutaneous Anterior Laryngeal Recording electrode placement for Intraoperative neural monitoring. (A) Preoperative skin marking: lateral border of thyroid cartilage and the level of true vocal fold. Precise localization may be done with the application of ultrasound (US). (B) The axial view of true vocal folds (white arrow). Lateral side of the thyroid cartilage (TC) lamina is the optimal location to place the skin surface electrodes (US illustration). (C) Transcutaneous recording electrodes are placed at the level of true vocal fold (dotted line). Transcutaneous recording method is applicable in small incision wound or remote thyroid surgery. Skin flap beneath the surface electrodes should be avoided.

Article Snippet: Percutaneous , Experimental Clinical , Huang et al., 2020 ( ) , Two disposable paired subdermal needle electrodes (25 and 38-mm long, insulated to within 5 mm of tip) percutaneously inserted to TC , Porcine model. (4 pigs, 8 RLNs at risk), 1 case of Transoral robotic thyroidectomy , A proof of concept for percutaneous technique in remote endoscopic or robotic thyroidectomy without neck incision wound..

Techniques: